French Guiana

Learn more about French Guiana

French Guiana is a vibrant and diverse overseas region of France located on the northeastern coast of South America. French Guiana is renowned for the Kourou Space Centre, a major European spaceport known for satellite launches. The region is celebrated for its lush Amazon Rainforest, rich in biodiversity and a haven for eco-tourists. Îles du Salut, historically a French penal colony, now attracts visitors with its fascinating history and scenic beauty. French Guiana’s cultural diversity is reflected in its vibrant festivals, such as Carnival, and its unique blend of ethnic traditions. Additionally, the region’s diverse wildlife and Indigenous cultures contribute to its distinctive character. Its capital city, Cayenne, serves as the administrative and economic center of the region.

General Information

French Guiana is bordered by Brazil to the south and west, Suriname to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north. It is the only territory in South America that is part of the European Union. The region is characterized by its tropical rainforest climate, diverse ecosystems, and a mix of cultures and languages influenced by its history and colonial past.

History

French Guiana’s history is marked by its role as a French colony, which began in the 17th century. It was known for its penal colony, which operated from the 19th century until 1953. The region gained greater autonomy and development in the latter half of the 20th century. French Guiana remains a part of France and the European Union, with a strong French influence in its governance and culture.

Climate and Best Time to Travel

French Guiana has a tropical climate with high humidity and temperatures ranging from 24°C to 31°C (75°F to 88°F) throughout the year. The region experiences two main seasons:

• Wet Season: From December to July, characterized by heavy rainfall and high
  humidity.
• Dry Season: From August to November, with less rainfall and more comfortable
  conditions for travel.

The best time to visit is during the dry season when outdoor activities and exploration are
more enjoyable.

Tourism

Tourism in French Guiana offers a range of experiences from exploring its vast rainforests and wildlife to discovering its cultural heritage. Key attractions include:

• Îles du Salut: A group of islands known for their historical significance and beautiful
  landscapes. The largest island, Royale Island, features a former penal colony.
• Tumuc-Humac Mountains: A pristine and remote area perfect for eco-tourism and
  adventure.
• Kourou Space Centre: A major spaceport for the European Space Agency, offering
  guided tours and exhibitions.

Culture and Food

French Guiana’s culture is a melting pot of influences, including French, Creole, Indigenous, and other ethnic backgrounds. This diversity is reflected in its vibrant festivals, music, and cuisine. The local cuisine blends French culinary traditions with tropical ingredients, featuring dishes like:

• Curry and rice: Often made with local ingredients and spices.
• Bouillon d’awara: A traditional stew made from the fruit of the awara palm.
• French pastries: A nod to its French heritage, including croissants and tarts.

Festivals

French Guiana celebrates a variety of festivals throughout the year:

• Carnival: A major event held from January to March, featuring colorful parades,
  music, and dancing.
• Fête de la Musique: Celebrated on June 21st, this festival highlights live music
  performances across the region.
• Fête de la Chandeleur: A French tradition celebrated on February 2nd with crêpes
  and festive activities.

Currency

The currency used in French Guiana is the Euro (EUR), reflecting its status as an overseas
department of France.